1. What are the causes of pigment spots?

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 A. Ultraviolet radiation: Under sunlight, after the ultraviolet radiation is directly absorbed by the skin, the skin's protective mechanism begins to produce melanin particles, which become stains as the number increases.

 B. Endocrine imbalance: Endocrine imbalance is also an important reason for women's pigmentation. Changes in the level of sex hormones in the body during menstruation and pregnancy affect the production of melanin.

 C. Used unsuitable skin care products: When you used skin care products that are not suitable for your skin, it is easy to cause sensitivity and inflammation. Coupled with UV absorption, pigmentation and spots stay on the skin.

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2. How many methods to remove pigmentation on skin?

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Pigment or spots are basically divided into shallow spots, deep spots and mixed spots, and the treatment methods are also different.

 A. Light spots: sun spots, freckles

You can use acid peel, IPL and laser on the treatment which is easy to achieve results or ideal results.  Laser as an example, it can be performed once or twice to achieve the desirable effect and completely removal.

 B. Dermal pigment(deep) : Ota nevus, zygomatic nevus, pigmentation (PIH)

Medically effective methods are Q-switched (Nano) and picosecond (Pico) Nd:YAG laser system. The effect is remarkable, and the number of treatments required is generally more than three times.

 C. Mixed spots: Hormonal spots, butterfly spots

Due to the distribution of pigments, which are located in the deep and shallow layers, it is difficult to completely remove by acid peel and IPL. Many medical data have confirmed that using low level of Nd:YAG 1064nm Q-switched laser can effectively reduce or totally remove.

In addition of choosing the right method, maintaining inner peace of mind, eating and sleeping regularly, that can help reduce the formation of spots.
Finally, after finishing the treatment, it is very important to choose appropriate sunscreen products.

3. How to improve Acne Scar and bumps?

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The formation of concave-convex holes is mainly caused by inflammation in dermis when acne occurs, and then atrophic scars are formed, resulting in concave phenomenon.  The relative phenomenon after inflammation, excessive stimulation of the dermis and excessive collagen will also form convex phenomenon.

 A. Medical acid peeling:

It can treat shallower bumps and cavities, usually using glycolic acid AHA or salicylic acid BHA.

 B. Microneedle treatment:

It can treat deep bumps and scars, stimulate the dermis to increase collagen, and the effect is quite ideal.  However, it creates a large number of minimally traumatic wounds and produces slight bleeding.

 C. Fractional CO2 laser

It can treat uneven and scar tissues of different depths. By vaporizing the skin surface tissue, fractional laser beam can enter the dermis to stimulate new collagen in order to smooth the skin.

4. How to distinguish it is a contagious flat warts?

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The shape of flat warts is generally raised and flat, small in size, about one millimeter (1 mm), and usually light brown or no color.  Most of the  them will appear on the face and neck, and they will also infect surrounding skin for a period of time, forming groups of a few to dozens of particles.

Flat warts is a common skin infection caused by human papillomavirus (HPV).  The virus invades from the tiny damage of the skin, stimulates the proliferation of epidermal cells, and forms raised particles on the surface.

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5. Is there a way to remove flat warts?

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The four most common treatment methods: freezing liquid nitrogen, monopolar RF and carbon dioxide laser or surgical scraping.

The methods of freezing, monopolar RF and surgery are generally used for larger warts, suitable for use on the body, hands and feet, and the wound will be larger after treatment.

The best way to treat flat warts on the face is to use a carbon dioxide laser, because the area treated can be very small, and different depths can be adjusted very accurately, resulting in minimal wounds, which can be crusted within few days.

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6. How to prevent the infection of warts?

To effectively prevent warts infections must start with lifestyle habits.  Pay attention to physical and mental health, a balanced diet, moderate exercise, regular work and rest, and maintain good immunity.  People with relatively low resistance, such as the elderly and chronically ill patients taking immune system inhibitors, should pay more attention to personal hygiene.

In daily life, everyone should avoid sharing personal items such as slippers or towels.  In public places such as swimming pools, fitness rooms and other humid environments, avoid walking barefoot to avoid infection.  If a family member living with you suffers from warts, you should clean the bathtub and the floor of your home regularly to reduce the risk of virus transmission.